Post-approval monitoring (PAM) programs vary widely across institutions, yet all serve a critical role in maintaining compliance with animal care and use regulations and fostering a culture of continuous improvement. This workshop will explore how PAM practices differ between the pharmaceutical/biotechnology sectors and academic settings, and how each contributes to ensuring animal welfare, research integrity, and regulatory compliance. We will discuss how PAM relates to other oversight mechanisms such as IACUC inspections, veterinary checks, and program reviews. Participants will examine real-world examples and emerging technologies-- including AI and digital monitoring tools-- that enhance animal welfare assessments and compliance tracking. The workshop will encourage participant dialogue on best practices and opportunities for collaboration across institutional types.